What role does the skin's melanin play in tanning?

Melanin plays a significant protective role in the skin as it absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, melanin production increases, which helps to shield the deeper layers of the skin from the harmful effects of UV rays. This absorption of UV radiation by melanin not only helps in reducing the risk of skin damage but also contributes to the tanning process. As melanin levels rise, the skin darkens, leading to the tan that many people seek from sun exposure or tanning beds. This natural response is a way for the body to protect itself from potential harm, highlighting the important role melanin plays in both skin health and the tanning process.