What are the risks associated with overexposure to UV radiation?

Overexposure to UV radiation is a significant health risk primarily associated with skin cancer and skin damage. UV radiation can lead to various types of skin cancer, including melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma, which result from genetic damage to skin cells caused by excessive UV exposure. The risk of developing these cancers increases with the frequency, intensity, and duration of exposure.

In addition to cancer, prolonged UV exposure can cause skin damage, such as sunburn, premature aging, and the formation of wrinkles and sunspots. This damage occurs because UV rays lead to oxidative stress in the skin, resulting in the breakdown of collagen and elastin, essential proteins for maintaining skin elasticity and structure.

The other options do not accurately reflect the scientific understanding of the effects of UV radiation. Increased weight gain, development of allergies, and improved immune system are not recognized as consequences of UV overexposure. The focus should remain on the established risks of skin cancer and skin damage as critical outcomes of excessive UV exposure.